AUTH/1976/3/07 - GP v Sanofi-Aventis

Acomplia advertisement

  • Received
    15 March 2007
  • Case number
    AUTH/1976/3/07
  • Applicable Code year
    2006
  • Completed
    21 May 2007
  • No breach Clause(s)
    2, 7.2 7.4, 9.1 and 22.
  • Additional sanctions
  • Appeal
    No appeal
  • Review
    Published in the August 2007 Review

Case Summary

A general practitioner complained about an advertisement for Acomplia (rimonabant) produced by Sanofi-Aventis and published in Update. As this involved an alleged breach of undertaking, that element of the case was taken up by the Director as it was the responsibility of the Authority to ensure compliance with undertakings.

The complainant stated that the advertisement identified HbA1c, HDL-C and triglycerides as cardiometabolic risk factors. It also stated that, in addition to improvements in weight, Acomplia demonstrated significantly greater improvements in these particular cardiometabolic risk factors. The statement clearly suggested that Acomplia had a direct effect on these cardiometabolic risk factors independent of weight reduction. The advertisement continued ‘An estimated 50% of the effects of Acomplia on these Cardiometabolic Risk Factors are beyond those expected from weight loss alone’.

The complainant alleged that the advertisement was misleading as it invited doctors to prescribe Acomplia outside its specific indication for treating obesity in patients with associated risk factors such as type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia ie for the primary and sole purpose of addressing HbA1c, HDL-C and triglycerides. There was no evidence to show that Acomplia had a direct effect on these cardiometabolic risk factors as opposed to an indirect effect mediated through weight reduction.

Was it reasonable for an advertisement to invite unfounded speculation as to where the other 50% of the effect of Acomplia on cardiometabolic risk factors arose from?

The complainant alleged that the advertisement was misleading as it implied that HbA1c, HDL-C and triglycerides were the only markers of cardiometabolic risk that were relevant and needed to be addressed in obese patients with diabetes or dyslipidaemia. Total-C and LDL-C were also well recognized important cardiometabolic risk factors, however the impact of Acomplia on these was not referred to. Could this be due to the fact that the summary of product characteristics (SPC) stated that generally Acomplia 20mg had no significant effect on Total-C or LDL-C levels. Surely this omission was misleading given the emphasis on the

importance of addressing cardiometabolic risk factors and the positive effect of Acomplia on these?

The Panel considered that an undertaking was an important document. It included an assurance that all possible steps would be taken to avoid similar breaches of the Code in the future. It was very important for the reputation of industry that companies complied with undertakings.

The Panel noted that the advertisement at issue in the previous case, Case AUTH/1871/7/06, featured an outline of an overweight patient with the statement ‘Cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight patients can be where you least expect them’. The right hand side was headed ‘Discover Acomplia’ followed by the licensed indication. This was followed by reference to cardiometabolic risk factors listing established risk factors as elevated blood glucose, high LDL-C and high blood pressure and emerging risk factors as low HDL-C, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, insulin resistance and inflammatory markers. These were followed by information about reductions in weight and waist circumference. The final part of this section stated that Acomplia compared to placebo demonstrated significantly greater improvements in glycaemic control, HbA1c, increases in HDL-C and reductions in triglycerides.

This was followed by the claim ‘An estimated 50% of the effects of Acomplia on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors are beyond those expected from weight loss alone’. In Case AUTH/1871/7/06, the Panel (and upon appeal by Sanofi-Aventis, the Appeal Board) had considered that the advertisement had not placed the cardiometabolic risk factors sufficiently within the context of the licensed indication. In the Panel’s view the most prominent message was that Acomplia was to be prescribed for its effects on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight patients and this was inconsistent with the SPC. A breach of the Code was ruled which was upheld on appeal.

The Panel did not accept the submission that the claim ‘An established 50% of the effects of Acomplia on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors are beyond those expected from weight loss alone’ applied to three risk factors, HbA1c, HDL-C and triglycerides; it appeared to apply to them all. The claim was misleading in this regard and thus not capable of substantiation. Breaches of the Code had been ruled which on appeal by Sanofi-Aventis were upheld.

The advertisement at issue in the present case, Case AUTH/1976/3/07, featured an outline of an overweight person with the prominent claim ‘In obese patients cardiometabolic risk factors can increase the problem’. Adjacent text introduced Acomplia by reference to its licensed indication.

Reference was made to the impact of obesity on cardiometabolic risk factors which contributed to the development of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The final paragraph Acomplia journal advertisement discussed improvements in three cardiometabolic risk factors: improvements in glycaemic control: increases in HDL-C and reductions in triglycerides and concluded ‘An estimated 50% of the effects of Acomplia on these Cardiometabolic Risk Factors are beyond those expected from weight loss alone’. A strapline beneath the product logo in the bottom right-hand corner of the advertisement read ‘It’s not what you lose. It’s what you gain’.

The Panel considered that the advertisement was materially different to that considered in Case AUTH/1871/7/06. The prominent claim superimposed over the outline of the overweight patient began ‘In obese patients …’ thus making the patient population clear at the outset. The final paragraph made it clear that the cardiometabolic risk factors were those three listed. The Panel considered the changes to the present advertisement were such that it was not caught by the undertaking given in the previous case. No breach of the Code was ruled.

The Panel considered that there was a difference between promoting a product for a licensed indication and promoting the benefits of using that product, albeit that some of these benefits were mentioned in the SPC.

Overall, the Panel did not accept that the advertisement invited the prescription of Acomplia for the primary and sole purpose of addressing of HbA1c, HDL-C and triglycerides as alleged. The prominent claim ‘In obese patients cardiometabolic risk factors can increase the problem’ made the patient population clear. The adjacent text began by stating the licensed indication at the outset. Obesity was described as having an impact on multiple cardiometabolic risk factors. The Panel queried whether the strapline ‘It’s not what you lose. It’s what you gain’ gave sufficient emphasis to weight loss. Nonetheless on balance the Panel considered that the overall tone of the advertisement placed the cardiometabolic risk factors sufficiently within the context of Acomplia’s licensed indication. No breach of the Code was ruled.

The Panel did not consider that the advertisement misleadingly stated or implied that those cardiometabolic risk factors mentioned were the only ones relevant and needed to be addressed in obese patients with diabetes or dyslipidaemia. Nor did the Panel consider that the failure to refer to the statement in the Acomplia SPC that, ‘Generally Acomplia 20mg had no significant effect on Total-C or LDL-C levels’ was misleading